Alcatraz -- Cellhouse

In 1907, the War Department decided that Alcatraz would no longer serve as a defensive fort but would instead be used as a military detention barracks.  Plans were drawn up for a cellhouse that could house up to 600 prisoners.

Construction was completed in 1912, and the Alcatraz Cellhouse was at that time the largest steel-reinforced concrete building in the world.  The Alcatraz Cellhouse was the brainchild and pride and joy of Major Reuben B. Turner, construction superintendent.  he was then named the first commandant of the military prison.  Central steam heat, skylights, and electric lights gave Alcatraz a reputation as a model, modern facility.

Any type of construction on Alcatraz was a challenge.  All materials and equipment had to be brought from the mainland on barges.  The concrete that was the main element of the building required fresh water that was not naturally available on the Island.  For the Cellhouse, labor was largely provided by unskilled inmates.  Many of those who helped build the Cellhouse became its first occupants.

The Cellhouse required renovations before it could be used as a maximum security prison.  Tool-proof bars were installed.  Gun galleries were built at either end of Cell Blocks B and C, the two main cell blocks.  Six guard towers were constructed around the perimeter; barbed wire was strung; chainlink fences were erected; metal detectors were installed; and more. 

In 1939-1940, D Block, the Segregation or treatment Unit, was extensively remodeled, and electric doors were installed. 

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Click on each of the topics below to read about the history of Alcatraz:

Alcatraz the Early Years -- Alcatraz the Fort -- Alcatraz the Prison --
The Native American Occupation -- Natural Alcatraz -- Alcatraz the Tourist Attraction

Click on each of the headings below to read about each of the major areas at Alcatraz:

The Dock -- Guardhouse and Sally Port -- Post Exchange - Officers' Club -- Military Chapel --  Barracks - Apartments -- Warden's House -- Lighthouse -- Cellhouse -- The Gardens

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For tickets and tours, contact Alcatraz Media at www.alcatraz.us,
or call 866-268-8729 or 415-461-4608.